Post-processing

Tumbling (Vibration grinding)

Tumbling is a step of deburring and removing the edge. Proper grinding removes the damaged or deformed surface of the material while limiting the amount of additional surface deformation. The goal is to make the surface smooth with minimal damage in the shortest possible time.

Tumbling removes burrs by using abrasive particles. There are different shapes and materials of abrasive particles that can be used based on the products of material and surface roughness requirement. The tumbling process with suitable abrasive grains can produce the lowest amount of deformation while providing the highest removal rate.

Mechanical polishing

Polishing is used to remove the damage remaining from the grinding process to make the surface quality like mirror gloss. The surface roughness is under Ra0.2. This is achieved by successive steps with finer abrasive particles and tools.

Electropolishing

Electropolishing is a chemical surface-finishing technique. The metal burrs or machining marks can be electrolytically removed from the surface. The primary purpose is to minimize the surface roughness, thus greatly reducing the risk of dirt or residues adhering and improving the cleanability of surfaces.

Electropolishing has become a common treatment for stainless steel in industries in which corrosion-resistance and cleanability requirements are particularly high. Typical applications are found in the pharmaceutical, biochemical and food-processing industries.

Since electropolishing doesn’t involve mechanical, thermal, or chemical impact, small and mechanically fragile parts can be treated. Electropolishing can be applied to parts of almost any shape or size.

Anodized

Anodizing (Type II) is an electroplating method of a metal part (mostly aluminum part) by forming a layer of oxide on its surface. It increases resistance to corrosion and wear, and provides better adhesion for paint primers (like screen printing) and glues than bare metal does.

The commonly used colors are nature (clear) and black. If any requirement about special colors, pls provide color samples for our production reference. Besides, Gloss difference is also divided into two types: bright(glossy) and matte.

matte natural anodized
Gold anodized with screen printing

Hard Anodized

Hard anodized, sometimes called Type III, offers greater corrosion protection and resistance to wear in extreme environments or frequent use. This is produced by continuing the electrical current until the depth exceeds 20 microns or even more. This takes more time and is more expensive but produces a superior result.

Zinc plating

Zinc plating is typically used for screws and other fasteners, automotive parts, and various small parts that will be exposed in interior or mildly corrosive conditions. When a zinc coating is electroplated onto the surface of metals, it creates a formidable corrosion-resistant barrier.

For RoHS and REACH compliance, the specification ASTM B633 with trivalent chromate (Cr3+) conversion coating is commonly used. In addition, there are many different colors of zinc plating like white, blue, black, and yellow. The main purpose is to prevent corrosion and provide aesthetic functions.

Nickel Plating

Nickel plating is with good corrosion and wears resistance. It is generally done for brass and copper material. There are many different options for the surface of nickel plating, such as bright surface, satin surface, silvery-white color and black color, etc. Besides, due to its excellent adhesion properties, it is often used as an undercoat for consecutive coating layers such as tin, gold, or silver.

Electroless Nickel Plating (EN Plating)

Electroless nickel plating is a technique of electroplating a thin layer of nickel onto a metal object. It is also known as autocatalytic or chemical nickel plating. The general plating problems like edge build-up, uneven plating, and partial plating are not common with electroless nickel plating. In contrast to general nickel plating, the cost will be higher but the surface quality is better and more stable.

In addition, electroless nickel plating is also extended used in the manufacture of printed circuit boards (PCBs), like electroless nickel immersion gold (ENIG).

Black Oxide

The black oxide (blacken) is a kind of chemical conversion coating. It generally used for carbon steel material for corrosion ressistance and abrasion resistance. The advantage of black oxide is with cheaper cost and minimally effected on dimensions. However, to achieve maximal corrosion resistance the black oxide must be impregnated with oil. If there is requirement of smooth and bright surface, black electro-deposited coating (ED coating) will be a better option.

Electro-deposited Coating (ED Coating)

The purpose of electro-deposited coating (ED coating) is to improve the anti-rust ability. It could form a strong film through electrophoresis, and strengthen the anti-corrosion ability of the workpiece. The commonly used color is black.

The biggest advantage is that the film thickness is uniform and smooth. Besides, the paint can cover the complex parts and objects, including the inner side and the surface, which can effectively prevent rust. The weakness is that the film thickness is relatively thin and easier to wear. If the requirement is a thicker coating, It is recommended to use powder coating or liquid coating.

Liquid coating

Liquid coating is a traditional baking paint method. It is suitable for parts with flat or smooth surfaces. The color of the coating is diverse that can be customized and toning by computer. Besides, the performance of gloss, anti-corrosion, and wear resistance is much better than ordinary electroplating and anodizing. In general, when the die-casting parts require a bright appearance or outdoor use, it is recommended to use a liquid coating. It not only increases the aesthetics but also ensures that the parts can be used for a long time without problems.

Powder coating

The pre-treatment of powder coating is basically the same as the liquid coating. The surface of the sprayed object must be clean, free of oil and dust, and then doing chemical pre-treatment such as chem film (alodine) to make the surface increases the corrosion resistance and adhesion of the coating film.

The characteristic of powder coating is in powder form. It does not need to be diluted and does not contain solvent and liquid components. The electrostatic spray gun allows the coating to be electrostatically charged and adhere to the surface of the object. The liquefaction of the coating is achieved by heating and melting. The baking temperature is at least 200°C.

Chrome Plating

 

Gold Plating

 

Silver Plating

 

Tin Plating

Hear treatment

Case harden